{"id":2374,"date":"2025-08-21T16:44:33","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:44:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.3dptek.com\/?p=2374"},"modified":"2025-08-21T16:44:41","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T08:44:41","slug":"casting-shrinkage-cavity-issues","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.3dptek.com\/vi\/blogs\/casting-shrinkage-cavity-issues\/","title":{"rendered":"3D printing can eliminate shrinkage cavities in castings by optimizing internal structures."},"content":{"rendered":"
L\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \"v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea9n\" b\u00ean trong chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf trong quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y co l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ee7 kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng, s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi. <\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kinh nghi\u1ec7m, th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf khu\u00f4n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f3t v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. <\/sup>Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 in 3D khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7. <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch in 3D gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn trong hai \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, khu\u00f4n v\u00e0 l\u00f5i (core) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e1o khu\u00f4n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 khoan d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng. <\/sup>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c k\u00eanh b\u00f9 co ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, u\u1ed1n cong ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u00eanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng b\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt co r\u1ed7. <\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y in 3D khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb1m \u1edfT\u1ef1 do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/strong>v\u00e0S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu<\/strong>N\u00f3 in t\u1eebng l\u1edbp khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u00f5i khu\u00f4n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb t\u1ec7p CAD 3D. <\/sup>\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng: <\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in 3D, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00f9 co ng\u00f3t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, in 3D c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Th\u00f4ng quaL\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng<\/strong>(conformal cooling) c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c k\u00eanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac. <\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 in 3D cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \"th\u1eed v\u00e0 sai\". <\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in 3D \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7 tr\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng co ng\u00f3t trong \u0111\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. M\u00e1y in 3D khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \"ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c\" cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch mang l\u1ea1i cho k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, n\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u1ee7i ro co ng\u00f3t. <\/sup>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed, in 3D kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \"t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed5 sung\" c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 then ch\u1ed1t th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \"\u0111\u00fac k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1\", gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng \"v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fac\" t\u1eebng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c. <\/sup>\u3002<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" L\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng trong \u0111\u00fac l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch in 3D c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng trong \u0111\u00fac nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00e2ng cao to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2375,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[35],"class_list":["post-2374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogs","tag-zhu-zao"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7 trong \u0111\u00fac: H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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2. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p in 3D: Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do mang l\u1ea1i \"s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng\" cho khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n 1: T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a k\u00eanh b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp, d\u1eabn l\u01b0u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n 2: L\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n 3: M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhanh, ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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3. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: In 3D \u2013 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n